Last updated on Apr 2, 2024
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Recognize Signs
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Verify Background
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Assess Risks
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Interview Strategy
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Consult Team
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Next Steps
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Here’s what else to consider
When you're in the middle of an interview and something feels off, it could be more than just nerves. You might be picking up on cues that suggest the interviewee could become an insider threat to your organization's cybersecurity. Insider threats are individuals within an organization who may intentionally or unintentionally compromise security. Recognizing and addressing these risks during the hiring process is crucial to safeguarding your company's data and infrastructure.
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- John H. Upchurch, KCSP Qualified for: CSIRT | SOC | KCS Architect | IT Leader | [15 + Years of combined service in: Cybersecurity • Help Desk…
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1 Recognize Signs
If you suspect someone of being a potential insider threat during an interview, pay attention to behavioral cues and inconsistencies in their story. They might display nervous habits, provide vague or conflicting details about their past employment, or express excessive interest in sensitive areas of your company. It's important to trust your instincts if something doesn't feel right and consider these red flags seriously.
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- Sofia Julbe Endor Labs | Securing Software Supply Chains | Top Cybersecurity Voice
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Most companies will undergo a phishing training - pay attention as you do this training. This will be able to quickly help you detect signs of threat within your company. For example: Misspelled words, misspelled emails, or random URL’s in the email. If undergoing a Phishing training isn’t required, I’d recommend taking an hour out of your day to watch videos or read blog posts.
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- Joel O. Information Security Engineer| Risk management| Vulnerability and Configuration Management| Azure Cloud Operations Engineer| Technical Writer
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Pay attention to inconsistencies in their responses about past employment, job duties, or reasons for leaving previous positions. Vague or fabricated details can be red flags.
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- Muhammed Muhthas 🍉 Lead Cyber Security Engineer- CISM | ISMS | CEH | CC | SC-900 | ISO27001:2022 LI | Certified Cybersecurity Career Mentor | MS-SE | GRC | M365 | Azure | BCM-RISK Management Award Winner: Global CISO Forum
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it is crucial to maintain professionalism and employ careful techniques. The initial steps involve staying composed, continuing with the interview while observing closely, and asking clarifying questions to gather information. Paying attention to nonverbal cues such as body language and employing cognitive techniques like monitoring eye movements can provide further insights.Documenting observations and consulting with HR. Following company procedures and addressing the issue appropriately, based on gathered evidence.Combining these approaches ensures a thorough and objective assessment while safeguarding against false accusations and maintaining confidentiality.
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- Akin O. Cyber Security Consultant | Tech Founder | Career Mentor | Entrepreneurship | Film and Media
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If you suspect the presence of an insider threat during an interview, your focus should be on identifying potential risks. Keep an eye out for behavioral red flags such as vague responses, a lack of transparency, or hesitancy to discuss past experiences. Additionally, scrutinize the candidate's resume and work history for any inconsistencies. Observe their demeanor and body language for signs of nervousness or discomfort when sensitive topics are broached. Conduct thorough background checks and verify credentials to validate the candidate's claims. By recognizing these signs, you can assess the candidate's credibility and take steps to mitigate potential insider threats within the organization.
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If you come across a potential insider threat during an interview, be on the lookout for certain signs. These may include responses that are vague or inconsistent, a lack of clarity regarding past roles or responsibilities, or an unwillingness to share certain information. Be mindful of the way people behave, like showing signs of nervousness, defensiveness, or trying to avoid answering questions. Pay close attention to any inconsistencies between the candidate's claimed qualifications and their real-life experience or skill set. Have confidence in your intuition and dig deeper if you come across any warning signs or contradictions.
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2 Verify Background
Verifying the candidate's background is a critical step when you have suspicions. Ensure that all the information provided is accurate and complete. This includes checking references, previous job titles, and the reasons for leaving prior positions. If discrepancies emerge, this could indicate a risk. It's essential to be thorough and sometimes even seek third-party background checks to confirm the candidate's history.
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Verifying a candidate's background before recruiting is another key to security. This can be achieved through third-party solutions, contacting previous employers and colleagues to gain insight into the candidate, checking the candidate's debt and bankruptcy status, and confirming their reason for leaving previous employment. Additionally, it's crucial to investigate any history of suspected data leaks.
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When faced with a potential insider threat during an interview, it is crucial to conduct a comprehensive background check on the candidate. Perform thorough background checks, which encompass employment history, education credentials, and references. Pay close attention to any discrepancies or inconsistencies in the information provided by the candidate. Reach out to former employers or colleagues to gather information about the candidate's behavior, performance, and trustworthiness. Be sure to be vigilant and take note of any signs or indicators that could suggest a possible insider threat.
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- Swati Nitin Gupta B2B Cybersecurity Content Specialist | B2B Technical Writer | Writer at Medium | Writer at HackerNoon | CySec Writer| Web Content Writer | Making Tech interesting for SMBs and Startups
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Background checks are critical. People have been found to fake their resumes to get a job. If there is a skill/qualification they have mentioned on their resume, which seems either fake or over elaborated. Go in for questioning around that qualification. Ask them about their practical experience with it. Give them a scenario and ask them how they would use a particular skill to get out of the situation. Chances are they will fail. Reason: They have been faking all along. Hence it is imperative to go for deep and thorough background checks of every candidate.
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- Charwin Vanryck deGroot Senior Security Engineer @Success Academy | Cybersecurity | AWS | Cloud Security
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When suspicions arise during the evaluation of a potential candidate, it becomes imperative to meticulously verify their background. Confirm the accuracy and comprehensiveness of all information they've provided. This process should encompass verification of references, scrutiny of past employment positions, and understanding the circ*mstances under which they exited previous roles. Should inconsistencies surface, they may signal a potential risk. Employing thoroughness in this examination, and at times resorting to external agencies for background checks, is important to ensure the authenticity of the candidate's historical record.
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- Joel O. Information Security Engineer| Risk management| Vulnerability and Configuration Management| Azure Cloud Operations Engineer| Technical Writer
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Contact all listed references, including past supervisors and colleagues. Ask pointed questions about the candidate's work ethic, skills, and reasons for leaving their previous position. Inconsistency between their story and the references' accounts can be a red flag.
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3 Assess Risks
Assessing the level of risk a candidate may pose involves considering the type of access they would have to sensitive information and systems. Understanding the potential damage they could cause if they became a malicious insider is vital. You should evaluate not just their technical skills but also their character and reliability. This risk assessment should guide your decision-making process.
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When interviewing someone, it's important to carefully consider the potential risks associated with their actions within the organization if you suspect they may pose an insider threat. Assess the level of sensitivity of the information or systems that would be accessible to them, taking into account the position they are seeking. Evaluate the candidate's behavior, responses, and qualifications to assess any potential risks to the organization's security. It may be beneficial to incorporate additional screenings, such as psychological assessments or integrity tests, to evaluate the candidate's trustworthiness and suitability for the role.
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Evaluate the potential risks posed by the candidate based on their role, access to sensitive information, and the nature of your organization's operations. Consider the potential impact of insider threats on your organization's security, reputation, and overall wellbeing.
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- Joel O. Information Security Engineer| Risk management| Vulnerability and Configuration Management| Azure Cloud Operations Engineer| Technical Writer
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Consider the level of access the candidate would have to sensitive data, systems, and resources. Roles with access to critical infrastructure pose a higher potential risk.
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- Lalit Mangale Information Security Consultant (Governance Risk Compliance)
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In my experience, assessing a candidate's risk involves evaluating the scope of access to sensitive information and systems. Understanding the potential impact of malicious insider actions is crucial. Beyond technical skills, I've emphasized character and reliability assessments. This holistic approach to risk evaluation informs decision-making, ensuring that candidates deemed trustworthy and dependable are selected, thereby mitigating the threat of insider risks within the organization.
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- Mohamed Ismail, CISSP, CCSP Manager, Cybersecurity | (MSc, CISSP, CCSP, CISA, CRSIC, CDPSE, CISM, PMP, CCSK, ISO27001 LI, SSCP, CEH, CC, MCSE)
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Evaluate the potential risks associated with the candidate based on the information gathered. Determine the level of threat they may pose to the organization's security and sensitive information.
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4 Interview Strategy
Modify your interview strategy to subtly probe deeper into areas of concern. Ask open-ended questions that require detailed responses, and listen for inconsistencies or reluctance to share information. This strategy can help you gather more information without alarming the candidate or revealing your suspicions. It's a delicate balance between conducting a thorough interview and not tipping off a potentially malicious actor.
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- Swati Nitin Gupta B2B Cybersecurity Content Specialist | B2B Technical Writer | Writer at Medium | Writer at HackerNoon | CySec Writer| Web Content Writer | Making Tech interesting for SMBs and Startups
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Another way to catch a person off-guard is by changing your interview strategy. A learned and experienced person will not hesitate to answer your questions. However, if it is not so, there will be a lot of hesitation, nervousness, hand twitching, seat shifting, and inconsistencies in the answer. 📍Watch out for these signs. 📍 Listen to all his responses and record them. 📍 So you can confront them. 📍And even if you don't want to confront them, you know what not to do with the candidate to avoid a potential risk.
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- Joel O. Information Security Engineer| Risk management| Vulnerability and Configuration Management| Azure Cloud Operations Engineer| Technical Writer
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Utilize behavioral interviewing techniques, focusing on past actions and situations. Ask them to describe specific scenarios related to handling sensitive information, facing ethical dilemmas, or experiencing financial difficulties.
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- Dipen Das 🔐, CISM, CISSP Cybersecurity Enthusiast | IT Risk | Cloud Security | Risk and Compliance | ISMS | ISO27001 | ISO 27005 | NIST CSF | Privacy | PCIDSS | Data Security |
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Insider Threats can be unintentional in additional to intentional. Hence we should formulate our interview questions to check for potential unintentional threats. We can check how employees are ensuring all the recommendations given during the organizational awareness training are followed.
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During the interview, ask probing questions to assess the candidate's motivations, attitudes towards security policies, and awareness of insider threat risks. Look for indicators of loyalty to previous employers, respect for confidentiality, and adherence to ethical standards.
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- Lalit Mangale Information Security Consultant (Governance Risk Compliance)
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In my experience, refining interview strategies involves subtly probing areas of concern. I've employed open-ended questions to elicit detailed responses, listening for inconsistencies or reluctance. This approach allows for gathering information without alarming candidates or revealing suspicions prematurely. Balancing thoroughness with discretion is crucial, ensuring a comprehensive interview process while safeguarding against potential insider threats without alerting malicious actors.
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5 Consult Team
Consult with your cybersecurity team or a senior manager who understands the implications of insider threats. They can provide a second opinion on the candidate and help determine if your concerns are valid. Collaboration in this context ensures a well-rounded view of the candidate and helps in making an informed decision. Remember, it's better to be cautious than to risk the security of your organization.
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- Joel O. Information Security Engineer| Risk management| Vulnerability and Configuration Management| Azure Cloud Operations Engineer| Technical Writer
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Your cybersecurity team or a senior manager with security expertise can offer a fresh perspective on your observations and help determine if your concerns are valid.
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If you have concerns about a candidate's suitability or integrity, discuss your observations and findings with relevant stakeholders, such as HR, security personnel, or senior management. Seek their input and expertise in evaluating the potential risk posed by the candidate.
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- Mohamed Ismail, CISSP, CCSP Manager, Cybersecurity | (MSc, CISSP, CCSP, CISA, CRSIC, CDPSE, CISM, PMP, CCSK, ISO27001 LI, SSCP, CEH, CC, MCSE)
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Consult with designated security or HR personnel within your organization to share your suspicions and gather additional insights. Collaborate with relevant stakeholders to ensure a comprehensive assessment of the situation.
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6 Next Steps
If after all considerations, the suspicion still stands, deciding on the next steps is critical. This might involve conducting additional interviews, possibly with different team members, or even postponing the hiring decision until further information can be gathered. It's important to act responsibly and ensure that any measures taken are within legal and ethical boundaries. Protecting your company must be balanced with fairness to the candidate.
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- Mohamed Ismail, CISSP, CCSP Manager, Cybersecurity | (MSc, CISSP, CCSP, CISA, CRSIC, CDPSE, CISM, PMP, CCSK, ISO27001 LI, SSCP, CEH, CC, MCSE)
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Based on the information obtained and in consultation with the appropriate internal teams, make informed decisions regarding the candidate. This could include further investigation, seeking additional references, or potentially disqualifying the candidate from consideration based on the severity of the perceived threat.
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Depending on the severity of your suspicions and the level of risk identified, determine the appropriate course of action. This may include further investigation, additional interviews, or disqualifying the candidate from consideration for the position.
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- Swwapnil Kachave Cyber Operations Manager | We Secure Greatness | Optivian
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Candidates nowadays have become smart enough to analyze a company before going for an interview. So the traditional interview methods will not help. We probably have to come up with open-ended/scenario based questions from the first round of interviews according to the role you are interviewing for. There should not be certain sets of questions. On top of that if you still find anything suspicious then can add additional rounds of interviews, if possible face to face. Thorough background checks for candidates via all possible ways like third party, and educational certificates.
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7 Here’s what else to consider
This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?
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Have required vacation policies, such as taking at least five consecutive days. This can provide windows for risks to come to ligh.
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- John H. Upchurch, KCSP Qualified for: CSIRT | SOC | KCS Architect | IT Leader | [15 + Years of combined service in: Cybersecurity • Help Desk • Desktop Support • Networks • Healthcare IT • Customer Service • Coding HTML]
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Another Silly AI Question: ¯\_ (ツ) _/¯ You cannot interview an insider threat, because they could only be an outsider threat, until they accept a job offer.
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My mind goes back to episode 133 of Darknet Diaries when I think about this topic.In the wild world of remote work, Connor finds himself smack dab in the middle of a crazy saga. His identity gets snatched up by some sneaky digital bandits, sending him on a whirlwind journey through the dark alleys of the internet.Picture this: fake Upwork profiles, shady Slack chats—Connor's like a digital detective uncovering a plot thicker than molasses. But hey, in the chaos, there's a lesson. His story's a wake-up call about the risks of remote gigs in today's wired world.So, what's the moral? Stay sharp, folks. In the LinkedIn hall of fame, Connor's tale's a reminder to keep your guard up in the wild west of the digital frontier.
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- Michelle Neisen CBCP, CCRP, MCP, MEP LinkedIn Top Voice | Business Continuity | Disaster Recovery | Cyber Resilience | Crisis Management | Emergency Management
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@johnupchurch - I agree, it is a very odd question. My response is, stop the interview and don't hire them! It seems like a no-brainer.
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- Michael Lopez 🛡️ CISSP, CASP+, GIAC, Sec+
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The biggest thing advanced APTs get from interviews is understanding your tools stack and your environment infrastructure. Do your best to throw them off. Tell them that you have tools or applications in your environment that you don't actually have. If you see that type of infrastructure attempting to be compromised or probed soon there after it could be related.
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